Labeling Balls

Time Limit: 1000MS		Memory Limit: 65536K
Total Submissions: 12466		Accepted: 3576

Description

Windy has N balls of distinct weights from 1 unit to N units. Now he tries to label them with 1 to N in such a way that:

1. No two balls share the same label.
2. The labeling satisfies several constrains like "The ball labeled with a is lighter than the one labeled with b".

Can you help windy to find a solution?

Input

The first line of input is the number of test case. The first line of each test case contains two integers, N (1 ≤ N ≤ 200) and M (0 ≤ M ≤ 40,000). The next M line each contain two integers a and b indicating the ball labeled with a must be lighter than the one labeled with b. (1 ≤ a, b ≤ N) There is a blank line before each test case.

Output

For each test case output on a single line the balls' weights from label 1 to label N. If several solutions exist, you should output the one with the smallest weight for label 1, then with the smallest weight for label 2, then with the smallest weight for label 3 and so on... If no solution exists, output -1 instead.

Sample Input

54 04 11 14 21 22 14 12 14 13 2

Sample Output

1 2 3 4-1-12 1 3 41 3 2 4 题解：反向建图，却是wa。。。先放着吧 wa代码：

1 #include
     
       2 #include
      
        3 #include
       
         4 #define mem(x,y) memset(x,y,sizeof(x))  5 using namespace std; 6 const int MAXN=210; 7 const int MAXM=40010<<1; 8 int head[MAXM]; 9 int que[MAXN],ans[MAXN];10 struct Edge{11     int from,to,next;12 }; 13 Edge edg[MAXM];14 int edgnum;15 int N;16 void add(int u,int v){17     Edge E={u,v,head[u]};18     edg[edgnum]=E;19     head[u]=edgnum++;20 } 21 void topu(){22     priority_queue
        
         dl;23     int top=1;24     for(int i=1;i<=N;i++)25         if(!que[i])dl.push(i);26     while(!dl.empty()){27         int k=dl.top();28         dl.pop();29         ans[top++]=k;30         que[k]=-1;31         for(int i=head[k];i!=-1;i=edg[i].next){32             int v=edg[i].to;33             que[v]--;34             if(!que[v])dl.push(v);35         }36     }37     if(top!=N+1)puts("-1");38     else{39     for(int i=N;i>=1;i--){40         if(i!=N)printf(" ");41         printf("%d",ans[i]);42     }43     puts("");44     }45 }46 int main(){47     int T,M,a,b;48     scanf("%d",&T);49     while(T--){50         scanf("%d%d",&N,&M);51         for(int i=1;i<=N;i++)ans[i]=i;52         mem(que,0);53         mem(head,-1);54         edgnum=0;55         while(M--){56             scanf("%d%d",&a,&b);57             add(b,a);//58             que[a]++;//反向建图 59         }60         topu();61     }62     return 0;63 }